04. Class ActivitiesModule 03: KNOW HISTORY, KNOW SELF | History, Memory, Perspective

History Memory Game


Malakas & Maganda

According to a popular legend, Malakas (strong) and Maganada (beautiful) sprung from a bamboo shoot and became the first Filipina man and woman.

Activity: New Beginnings (link)

Mount Apo, Mindanao

For the Bagobos of Southern Mindanao, Mount Apo represents the home of the first beings, Toglai and Toglibon, and is the birthplace of all mankind.

Activity: New Beginnings (link)

Tandang Sora

Known as the Mother of Balintawaki, Melchora Aquino was already 84 when revolution broke; her efforts included housing secret Katipunan meetings.

Activity: Revolution, Resistance, Resilience (link)

Bishop Gregorio Aglipay

A contemporary of Katipuneros like Aguinaldo and Bonifacio, Aglipay advocated for more Filipino priests and helped establish the Philippine Independent Church.

Activity: Revolution, Resistance, Resilience (link)

Huk Amazons

Considered heroes to some and bandidos to others, the Huks was one group that actively sought and promoted women as part of active military struggle.

Activity: Bayani Break-Through (link)

Macli-ing Dulag

The Kalinga tribal leader was a major opponent of the Chico Damn project; his death is commemorated on Cordillera Day every April 24.

Activity: Bayani Break-Through (link)

Nora Aunor

A celebrated and critically acclaimed entertainer, Nora Aunor’s superstardom was based around her rise as a “little brown girl with a golden voice”

Activity: Beauty & the Kayumanggi (link)

Lightening Cream

Many critics of the multimillion dollar “whitening” industry in the Philippines draw connections to a colonial mentality and lack of empowering history.

Activity: Beauty & the Kayumanggi (link)


Revolts during the Spanish Regime 1521–1898

Cited from Roces, A. (Ed.) (1977). Filipino Heritage: Making of a Nation. Philippines: Lahing Pilipino Publishinc, Inc. Vol. 5.


Sakay Declaration (Subtitled)


Ifugao Hudhud (English)


Rizal Bonifacio (Tagalog)


An IP 364 Production | Spring 2010


Kayumungi